Correlations

World Civilizations: The Global Experience, 3rd Edition, AP* Edition ©2003

Peter N. Stearns, Michael Adas, Stuart B. Schwartz, Marc Jason Gilbert

Correlated with AP* World History, May 2002, May 2003

ST = Student textbook pages
IR = Instructor's Resource pages

Foundations

Major Developments

1. Basic features of world geography (continents, oceans, key political units prior to 1000) and definitions
   • Location of continents
     ST: 10
     IR: 14
   • Location of oceans, seas, and major rivers
     ST: 10
     IR: 14
   • Location of key political units prior to 1000 (Roman Empire at its height, Abbasid caliphate, Sudanic kingdoms of Ghana and Mali, Delhi sultanate, Chinese Empire [Han and Tang dynasties], Byzantine empire, Mayan civilization)
     ST: 37, 71, 94, 147, 177, 197, 201, 266
     IR: 15, 16, 26, 27, 39, 40, 52, 65, 67
   • Demography
     ST: 7–9, 20, 36, 50, 90–91, 184–185, 351
     IR: 4–5, 12, 13
   • Agricultural, pastoral, and foraging societies
     ST: 7–16, 80–84, 90–91, 92–93
     IR: 1, 2, 4–5, 13, 27
   
   
2. Crisis of late Antiquity (third to seventh centuries)
   • Movements of peoples (Huns, Germans, Arabs)
     ST: 38, 53, 93–97, 119–120
     IR: 53, 56
   • Collapse of empires (Han China, loss of European portion of the Roman Empire)
     ST: 93–95, 96–97
     IR: 16, 18, 19, 53, 54
   • Emergence of new empires (Tang China, Arab caliphates, Byzantine Empire, early European and Japanese feudal systems)
     ST: 95, 128, 130, 195, 214–216, 266–267, 294–298
     IR: 53, 55, 57, 76, 79
   
   
3. Key cultural and social systems
   • Basic features of major world belief systems prior to 1000 and where each belief system applied by 1000
   • Buddhism
     ST: 51, 57–58, 100–102
     IR: 29, 30, 55
   • Christianity
     ST: 74, 103–106
     IR: 55, 56, 57
   • Confucianism
     ST: 40–42, 46–47
     IR: 16, 17, 18, 19
   • Daoism
     ST: 42–44, 47
     IR: 17, 19
   • Hinduism
     ST: 55–58
     IR: 28, 30, 55
   • Islam
     ST: 95, 106, 126
     IR: 56, 76, 77, 78–79
   • Judaism
     ST: 25, 28
     IR: 4, 6
   • Polytheism
     ST: 16, 17, 55, 123
     IR: 3
   • Major developments in the arts and sciences
     ST: 13, 16, 17, 20, 43–44, 58–59, 77–80, 139–142
     IR: 2, 4–5, 13, 41
   • Basic characteristics of social structures as they developed by 1000
     ST: 12–16, 16–17, 19–22, 24–25, 28, 36–39, 45–46, 59–60, 80–84, 89–93
     IR: 1, 3, 4–5, 13
   • The caste system
     ST: 51, 54–55, 59–60, 60–61
     IR: 28, 30
   • The nature and location of major slave systems
     ST: 17, 82, 84
     IR: 41
   • Confucian social hierarchy
     ST: 41–42, 45–47
     IR: 16, 17
   • Patriarchal family structures and trends
     ST: 41, 60, 84, 131–132, 149
     IR: 41
   • Basic characteristics of economic structures including technological patterns
     ST: 7–9, 10–16, 45–46, 59–60, 63, 80–82, 83
     IR: 2, 17, 29, 41
   
   
4. Principal international connections that had developed between 700 and 1000
   • Missionary outreach (Muslim, Christian, and Buddhist)
     ST: 58, 99, 100–101, 103–104, 106, 110–111
     IR: 29, 80, 81
   • Leading international trading patterns (Muslim, Chinese, East European, trans-Saharan)
     ST: 45, 62–63, 90–91, 112–113
     IR: 17, 76, 77, 78
   • The role of nomadic groups in Central Asia
     ST: 90–91
     IR: 27, 56
   • The heritage of Bantu migrations in Africa
     ST: 173, 182, 183, 187–190
     IR: 107
   
   
5. Diverse interpretations
   • What are the issues involved in using "civilization" as an organizing principle in world history?
     ST: xxx, 5, 14–16, 21–22
     IR: 7
   • What is the most common source of change: connection or diffusion vs. independent invention?
     ST: xxxi–xxxii, 10–13, 16, 20, 28, 30–33, 64, 88–93
     IR: 57, 77
   
   

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Comparisons of the major religious and philosophical systems including some underlying similarities in cementing a social hierarchy, e.g., Hinduism contrasted with Confucianism; Christianity compared with Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism
  ST: 46–47, 64, 75–76, 100–101, 103–104, 105
  IR: 17, 28, 29
• Trace and explain the diffusion of major religious and philosophical belief systems by 1000 C.E.
  ST: 63–64, 100–101, 103–104, 105, 106
  IR: 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 39–43, 44, 55, 56, 76
• Role of women in different belief systems—Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, and Islam
  ST: 46, 59–60, 84, 122–123, 131–134
  IR: 17, 28, 29, 32, 80
• Understanding of how and why the collapse of empire was more severe in western Europe than it was in the eastern Mediterranean or in China
  ST: 93–100
  IR: 53, 54
• Role of nomadic groups in the collapse of empires
  ST: 93–95, 96–97
  IR: 54, 58
• Compare the caste system to other systems of social inequality devised by early and classical civilizations, including slavery
  ST: 17, 51, 59–60, 60–61, 82, 84
  IR: 28, 31
• Compare early societies and cultures that include cities with those without cities (e.g., pastoral)
  ST: 13–16, 21–22, 90–91
  IR: 56
• Compare the development of political systems in major early civilizations, e.g., Indian compared with Chinese political traditions and institutions; caliphate with Roman Empire
  ST: 39–40, 54–55, 72–75, 127–128, 130–131
  IR: 15–17
• Know the location of the major political units and trade routes by 1000 C.E.
  ST: 19, 23, 37, 53, 62–64, 69, 70, 71, 90, 94, 98, 99, 119
  IR: 14, 26, 38, 50, 52, 65, 67
• Compare international trading systems, e.g., the trans–Saharan trading system wih the Silk Road trading system
  ST: 90, 147
  IR: 76, 77, 81

Examples of the types of information students are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things students are not expected to know:

• Nature of early civilizations, but not the specific features of a particular river valley civilization
  ST: 13–16
  IR: 1, 2, 5, 7
• Political heritage of classical China (emperor, bureaucracy), but not the transition from Qin to Han
  ST: 38–40
  IR: 15–17, 19
• Greek approach to science, including Aristotle, but not Socrates or Plato
  ST: 76–79
  IR: 39–41
• Hellenistic philosophies, but not the specific philosophers
  ST: 76–79
  IR: 39–41
• Early European feudalism, but not Charlemagne
  ST: 215–216
  IR: 53
• Arab caliphate, but not the transition from Umayyad to Abbasid
  ST: 127–128
  IR: 79–81

1000–1450

Major Developments

1. Questions of periodization
   • Nature and causes of change in the world history framework leading up to 1000–1450 as a period
     ST: xxxi, 108–115
     IR: 76–77
   • Continuities and breaks within the period (e.g., the impact of the Mongols)
     ST: xxxi, 315–316, 324, 329, 336, 341
     IR: 76–77
   
   
2. Interregional networks
   • Developments and shifts in an interregional network of trade, technology, cultural exchange, and communication
     ST: 114–115, 117–118, 121–122, 147
     IR: 78
   
   
3. Nature of philosophy and knowledge
   ST: 225–227
   IR: 136, 137
   
   
4. China's internal and external expansion
   • The importance of the Song economic revolution
     ST: 276–280
     IR: 169
   • Chinese influence on Japan and its limits
     ST: 92, 289–290
     IR: 184
   
   
5. The Islamic world
   • The role of Islam as a unifying cultural force in Eurasia and Africa; Islamic impact on the Sudanic kingdoms and East Africa
     ST: 147–168, 170–191
     IR: 79–81, 93–97
   • The impact of migrations and religious reform movements in expanding Islamic society
     ST: 129–130, 156–157
     IR: 93, 94, 95, 96
   • The impact of Islam on the arts and sciences
     ST: 139–142, 152–155
     IR: 82, 93, 94
   
   
6. Changes in Christianity
   • Restructuring of European society, including the growth of strong central Monarchies in the west
     ST: 214–225
     IR: 134, 135, 137
   • Role of Arab thought in the twelfth-century "Renaissance" in the west
     ST: 154–155, 226
     IR: 213–214
   • The division of Christendom into Eastern and Western Christian cultures
     ST: 202–203, 207–208
     IR: 123
   
   
7. Non-Islamic Africa
   • Great Zimbabwe
     ST: 182, 189–190
     IR: 111, 113, 121
   
   
8. Demographic and environmental changes
   • Impact of the nomadic migrations on Afro-Eurasia (Mongols, Turks, and Arabs)
     ST: 150, 157, 203–204, 208–209, 315–316, 325–329, 336–337, 343
     IR: 108
   • Migration of agricultural peoples (e.g., European peoples to east/central Europe)
     ST: 205–206
     IR: 124, 125
   • Consequences of plague pandemics in the fourteenth century
     ST: 91, 235, 329, 342–343, 367
     IR: 202, 213
   
   
9. Amerindan civilizations
   • Toltec and Mayan
     ST: 92–94, 240–241
     IR: 150
   • Aztec
     ST: 21, 241–250, 252–253, 257, 350
     IR: 150, 151, 152
   • Inca
     ST: 93, 250–257, 350
     IR: 153–155
   
   
10. Diverse interpretations
    • What are the issues involved in using cultural areas rather than states as units of analysis?
      ST: 173–174, 209–210, 259–260, 349–350
      IR: 214
    • What are the sources of change: nomadic migrations vs. urban growth?
      ST: 136–137, 203, 218–220, 327–329, 334–336, 336–337
      IR: 198–202, 215
    • Was there a world economic network in this period and how does it compare with the world economic system that emerges in the next period?
      ST: 112–115, 117–118, 119, 147, 150, 157, 341, 347–350, 390–394
      IR: 214, 242

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Japanese and European feudalism
  ST: 220, 295, 296–297
  IR: 134–135, 182–183
• Western Europe or one of the major European monarchies and one of the African Empires
  ST: 177–179, 212–237
  IR: 107–113
• Contrast the economic, social, cultural, and political role of cities such as Guangzhou (Canton), Samarkind, Timbuktu, Cairo, and Venice
  ST: 177, 179–180, 336, 337, 343, 347, 519
  IR: 135, 169
• Gender systems and changes
  ST: 131–134, 149–150, 232–233, 330–331
  IR: 80, 92, 138, 170

Examples of the types of information students are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things students are not expected to know:

• Mamluks, but not Almohads
  ST: 147, 325, 328, 629–630
  IR: 111, 203
• Feudalism, but not specific feudal monarchies such as Richard I
  ST: 36, 220, 295, 296–298
  IR: 135, 183
• Crusading movement and its impact, but not specific crusades
  ST: 150–152, 155, 203–204, 214, 222–223, 230
  IR: 93
• Viking exploration, expansion, and impact, but not individual explorers
  ST: 216, 219, 222, 384
• Manoralism, but not the three-field system
  ST: 97, 216, 229
  IR: 134
• Mongol expansion, but not details of specific khanates
  ST: 157, 208–209, 286, 314–337, 341, 343, 460
  IR: 198–202
• Papacy, but not particular popes
  ST: 217, 235–236
  IR: 134, 135
• Indian Ocean traders, but not Gujarti merchants
  ST: 112–113
  IR: 76

1450–1750

Major Developments

1. Questions of periodization
   • Continuities and breaks, causes of changes from the earlier period and within this period
     ST: 354–361
     IR: 242–243
   • Change in global interactions, trade, and technology
     ST: 347–350, 356, 358, 377–379, 384–385, 398–400, 401–402, 461–463, 505–512
     IR: 215, 242, 259–263
   
   
2. Knowledge of major empires and other political units and social systems
   • Aztec, Ottoman, Inca, Ming, Qing, Portugal, Spain, Russia, France, England, Mongol, Tokugawa, Mughal, characteristics of African empires in general but knowing one (Kongo, Benin, or Songhay) as illustrative
     ST: 176–182, 352, 485, 489
     IR: 107–113, 123–135, 150–155, 198–202, 212–213, 246, 274–278, 304–308, 337
   • Territorial and commercial aspects of the above
     ST: 176–182, 352, 485, 489
     IR: 107–113, 123–135, 150–155, 198–202, 212–213, 246, 274–278, 304–308, 337
   • Gender and empire (gender systems at the elite level, status markers, alliances, women and households in politics)
     ST: 378, 465–466, 472–473
     IR: 246, 306, 308
   • Slave systems and slave trade
     ST: 398, 478–482, 493–494, 495–499
     IR: 261–262, 291, 319–324
   
   
3. Demographic and environmental changes: Diseases, animals, new crops, and comparative population trends
   ST: 430–431, 432–433, 482, 518–520
   IR: 260–263, 320, 322
   
   
4. Cultural and intellectual developments
   • Scientific Revolution
     ST: 370–372
     IR: 245–246
   • The Enlightenment
     ST: 376–377, 440, 538
     IR: 247
   • Comparative global causes and impacts of cultural change
     ST: 380, 388–389, 398–400, 410–411
     IR: 259–263
   • Neoconfucianism
     ST: 275, 276, 281, 517, 527, 658
     IR: 170
   • Major developments and exchanges in the arts (e.g., Mughal)
     ST: 671–672
     IR: 307
   
   
5. Diverse interpretations
   • What are the debates about the timing and extent of European predominance in the world economy?
     ST: 347–350, 356, 358, 567–593, 623–624
     IR: 242, 337

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Imperial systems: European monarchy compared to a land-based Asian empire
  ST: 157, 208–209, 286, 314–337, 341, 343, 372–376
  IR: 246
• Comparative knowledge of empire (i.e., general empire building in Asia, Africa, and Europe)
  ST: 91–92, 176–190, 209, 286, 314–337, 341, 343, 355, 388, 448–475, 509–510, 511
  IR: 246
• Compare Russia's interaction with the West with the interaction of one of the following (Ottoman Empire, China, Tokugawa Japan, Mughal India) with the west
  ST: 391, 408–415, 522–523, 626–627, 638–640, 642–644
  IR: 275–277, 307, 337, 338

Examples of the types of information students are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things students are not expected to know:

• Neoconfucianism, but not specific Neoconfucianists
  ST: 275, 276, 281, 517, 527, 658
  IR: 170
• Importance of European exploration, but not individual explorers
  ST: 347–348, 384–388
  IR: 214, 259–263
• Characteristics of European absolutism, but not specific rulers
  ST: 372–376
  IR: 246
• Reformation, but not Anabaptism or Huguenots
  ST: 366, 369
  IR: 244–245
• Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, but not Safavid Empire
  ST: 340
  IR: 123
• Siege of Vienna (1688–89), but not the Thirty Years' War
  ST: 453–454
• Slave plantation systems, but not Jamaica's specific slave system
  ST: 437, 481, 494
  IR: 261, 291, 323
• Institution of the harem, but not Hurrem Sultan
  ST: 133–149

1750–1914

Major Developments

1. Questions of periodization
   • Continuities and breaks, causes of changes from the previous period and within this period
     ST: 530–535
     IR: 361
   
   
2. Changes in global commerce, communications, and technology
   • Changes in patterns of world trade
     ST: 545, 584–587, 604–610, 638–639
     IR: 397–398
   • Industrial Revolution (transformative effects on and differential timing in different societies; mutual relation of industrial and scientific developments; commonalities)
     ST: 531–542, 544–548, 586–587, 651–654
     IR: 363–365
   
   
3. Demographic and environmental changes (migrations, end of the Atlantic slave trade, new birthrate patterns; food supply)
   ST: 499–500, 533–534, 538–539, 559, 575
   IR: 361, 365
   
   
4. Changes in social and gender structure (Industrial Revolution; commercial and demographic developments; emancipation of serfs/slaves and ideas about gender)
   ST: 546–548, 550–551, 585–586, 588
   IR: 365
   
   
5. Political revolutions and independence movements; new political ideas
   • Latin American independence movements
     ST: 596–603
     IR: 393–398
   • Revolutions (United States, France, Haiti, Mexico, China)
     ST: 539–542, 597, 599, 617, 642, 754–756, 860–869
     IR: 362–363, 365, 368
   • Rise of nationalism, nation-states, and movements of political reform
     ST: 551–552
     IR: 363, 367, 370
   • Overlaps between nations and empires
     ST: 571–574
     IR: 364, 366, 367, 370
   • Rise of democracy and its limitations: reform; women; racism
     ST: 552–554
     IR: 364, 365, 369
   
   
6. Rise of Western dominance (economic, political, social, cultural; patterns of expansion; imperialism and colonialism) and differential reactions (reform: resistance; rebellion; racism)
   ST: 347–350, 356, 358, 567–593
   IR: 380–381, 409
   
   
7. Diverse interpretations
   • What are the debates over the utility of modernization theory as a framework for interpreting events in this period and the next?
     ST: 614–615, 665–666
     IR: 427
   • What are the debates about the causes of serf and slave emancipations in this period and how do these debates fit into broader comparisons of labor systems?
     ST: 445, 499–500, 535, 549, 651–652
     IR: 423–425
   • What are the debates over the nature of women's roles in this period and how do these debates apply to industrialized areas and how do they apply in colonial societies?
     ST: 546–548
     IR: 365, 381, 397

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Compare the causes and early phases of the industrial revolution in western Europe and Japan
  ST: 531–532, 544–548, 646, 647, 663, 754
  IR: 363, 427
• Comparative revolutions (Compare two of the following: Haitian, American, French, Mexican, and Chinese)
  ST: 539–542
  IR: 362–363, 412–413, 508
• Compare reaction to foreign domination in the Ottoman Empire, China, India, and Japan
  ST: 627–629, 638–642, 642–644
  IR: 380–383, 410–411, 412–413
• Comparative nationalism
  ST: 551–552
  IR: 364–365
• Compare forms of western intervention in Latin America and Africa
  ST: 578–582, 606–607, 618–619
  IR: 380–383, 393–398
• Compare the roles and condition of women in the upper/middle classes to peasantry/working class in western Europe
  ST: 546–548, 553–554
  IR: 365

Examples of the types of information students are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things students are not expected to know:

• Women's emancipation movements, but not specific suffragists
  ST: 553–554
  IR: 365, 370
• The French Revolution of 1789, but not the Revolution of 1830
  ST: 540–542
  IR: 362, 368
• Meiji Restoration, but not Iranian Constitutional Revolution
  ST: 659, 661–662
  IR: 425–427
• Jacobins, but not Robespierre
  ST: 540–542
  IR: 362, 368
• Boxer Rebellion, but not Crimean War
  ST: 635, 641–642
  IR: 412–413, 414
• Suez Canal, but not the Erie Canal
  ST: 631, 632, 712
• Muhammad Ali, but not Isma'il
  ST: 630–631
  IR: 410, 414
• Social Darwinism, but not Herbert Spencer
  ST: 556
  IR: 384

1914–Present

Major Developments

1. Questions of periodization
   • Continuities and breaks, causes of changes from the previous period and within this period
     ST: 668–675
     IR: 448
   
   
2. The World Wars, the Cold War, nuclear weaponry, international organizations, and their impact on the global framework (globalization of diplomacy and conflict; global balance of power; reduction of European influence; the League of Nations, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Nations, etc.)
   ST: 679–687, 689–699, 699–712
   IR: 449–454
   
   
3. New patterns of nationalism, especially outside of the West (the interwar years; decolonization; racism, the Holocaust, genocide; new nationalisms, including the breakup of the Soviet Union)
   ST: 699–704, 711–712, 746–751, 800–829, 881–882
   IR: 450–454, 525–530
   
   
4. Impact of major global economic developments (the Great Depression; technology; Pacific Rim; multinational corporations)
   ST: 673, 687–689, 690, 703, 709–710, 763–770
   IR: 451, 495–499
   
   
5. New forces of revolution and other sources of political innovations
   ST: 713, 730–734, 785–786, 845–851, 852–853, 860–877
   IR: 466–470, 481
   
   
6. Social reform and social revolution (changing gender roles; family structures; rise of feminism; peasant protest; international Marxism)
   ST: 709, 719–722, 780, 781–782, 786–791, 816–818, 842–843, 872–873, 893–894
   IR: 469–470, 511
   
   
7. Internationalization of culture and reactions
   • Developments in global and regional cultures
     ST: 708–709, 724–727, 741–743, 844
     IR: 469–470
   • Interactions between elite and popular culture and art
     ST: 557–558, 708–709, 725
     IR: 469–470
   • Global cultural forces and patterns of resistance (consumer culture; religious responses)
     ST: 555–556, 708–709, 725–726
     IR: 469–470, 483
   
   
8. Demographic and environmental changes (migrations; changes in birthrates and death rates; new forms of urbanization; deforestation; green/environmental movements)
   ST: 796–797, 838–841, 894–895, 896
   IR: 541–542, 571–572
   
   
9. Diverse interpretations
   • Is cultural convergence or diversity the best model for understanding increased intercultural contact in the twentieth century?
     ST: 762–763
     IR: 497
   • What are the advantages and disadvantages of using units of analysis in the twentieth century such as the nation, the world, the West, and the Third World?
     ST: 891–892, 898–899
     IR: 573

Major Comparisons and Snapshots

• Patterns and results of decolonization in Africa and India
  ST: 699–704, 711–712, 803–818
  IR: 467, 525–530
• Pick two revolutions (Russian, Chinese, Cuban, Iranian) and compare their effects on the roles of women
  ST: 735, 744, 750, 830, 853, 872–874
  IR: 480–485, 511–512, 544, 555
• Compare the effects of the World Wars on areas outside of Europe
  ST: 684–687, 697–699
  IR: 450, 451, 454
• Compare legacies of colonialism and patterns of economic development in two of three areas (Africa, Asia, and Latin America)
  ST: 752–771, 772–799, 830–856
  IR: 467, 541–545, 558–559
• The notion of "the West" and "the East" in the context of Cold War ideology
  ST: 701, 712, 722–723, 726–727
  IR: 482–485
• Compare nationalist ideologies and movements in contrasting European and colonial environments
  ST: 803–815, 822–823, 826–827, 879–880
  IR: 525
• Compare the different types of independence struggles
  ST: 803–807, 815–816, 818–824
  IR: 525–527
• Compare the impacts of Western consumer society on two civilizations outside of Europe
  ST: 672, 708–709, 719, 891–892
  IR: 467–471, 572

Examples of the types of information students are expected to know contrasted with examples of those things students are not expected to know:

• Causes of the World Wars, but not battles in the wars
  ST: 562–563, 679–681, 689–692
  IR: 449, 452
• Cultural and political transformations resulting from the wars, but not French political and cultural history
  ST: 684–687, 697–699
  IR: 466–471
• Fascism, but not Mussolini's internal policies
  ST: 691–692, 710–711, 781
  IR: 452, 466–467
• Feminism and gender relations, but not Simone de Beauvoir or Huda Shaarawi
  ST: 721, 722, 842–843
  IR: 469–470, 542, 557
• The growth of international organizations, but not the history of ILO
  ST: 843
  IR: 573
• Colonial independence movements, but not the details of a particular struggle
  ST: 803–807, 815–816, 818–824
  IR: 525–530
• The issue of genocide, but not Cambodia, Rwanda, or Kosovo
  ST: 834
• The internationalization of popular culture, but not the Beatles
  ST: 899
  IR: 545, 572
• Artistic Modernism, but not Dada
  ST: 557–558
  IR: 470